The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille fired two times late to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.